“用气球构建手臂肌肉模型”

“设计和建造大理石跑步塔”

“把旧包装、空盒子和纸板边角料变成房子”

......

在赫德，设计思维（Design Thinking，以下简称DT）课程早就是一门家喻户晓的“网红课”。

到底什么是设计思维？为什么会这么火？赫德小学生的设计思维课是如何上的，能培养孩子的哪些能力？

值此新学期之际，我们也特地邀请设计思维课程的负责人Garry Yee老师，为大家分享关于设计思维课程的那些事儿。

 

 
Garry Yee
设计思维老师

Garry 是青岛赫德学校 (HDQD) 的设计思维老师，自 2018 年创办以来一直在学校工作。他在澳大利亚、英国和中国的国际、双语和公立学校任教超过 15 年。

 

在加入青岛赫德之前，他在宁波赫德工作了 3 年，担任过多个职位，包括项目式学习 (PBL) 老师、中学美术/音乐老师及设计思维老师。

 

Garry 研究生毕业于悉尼大学国际研究专业，并拥有澳大利亚国立大学（亚洲研究）和澳大利亚查尔斯特大学（教育：设计/音乐）的学位。
本文作者Garry Yee，以下为中英文对照版本

什么是设计思维？

What is Design Thinking?

设计思维通常被定义为培养学生发现问题及解决现实世界问题能力的一门课程。

 

简单来说，就是从现实世界的问题出发，带领学生们一起开动脑筋、进行思考、动手实操，最后得到解决方案。

Design Thinking is usually defined as a collaborative process to solve real world problems. 

 

设计思维是青岛赫德课程的重要组成部分，设计思维并不是一门孤立的课程，而是与其他课程紧密相连。

在设计思维课堂中，学生们将使用在英语、科学和主题课上学到的相关词汇、短语及知识等，将这些内容应用到解决“现实世界”问题的项目中。

 

Design Thinking is a key part of our curriculum at HDQD because unlike many other schools where I have taught, the DT activities and processes do not stand alone but are linked to the children’s learning in the classroom. In fact in DT we use the same key words, the same phrases and the same concepts the children have learned in their English, Science and Topic classes. Through DT, the students use these ideas to engage in practical, ‘real world’ projects. 

 

 
 
注：用气球构建手臂肌肉模型，可以帮助正在学习肌肉和人体科学的三年级学生了解“收缩、扩张、放松”等术语。

Building model arm muscles with balloons helped to clarify terms like “contract, expand, relax” etc. for Grade 3 students studying Muscles and the Human Body in Science.

最后，通过这样一个学习体验的过程，曾经学习过的内容将变得更加具化且深刻。

 

As a result, processes which may be vague or confusing to the students become clearly understood through enjoyable learning experiences.

在青岛赫德，小学部的每个学生都会参与到设计思维项目当中，这是一个让学生学习知识和锻炼实践技能的过程！

At HD Qingdao, each Primary class takes part in a Design Thinking project for a least one week each Semester. It is a process through which students can learn important practical skills and knowledge!

 

 
注：通过设计和建造大理石跑步塔，这些6年级学生更清楚地了解了重力、摩擦力、力和动量等科学概念。

Learning about scientific concepts such as gravity, friction, forces and momentum was made clearer for these Grade 6 students by designing and building a marble run tower.

 

设计思维课程目标

The Aims of Design Thinking at HDQD

在青岛赫德，设计思维课程旨在：

帮助学生使学习变得富有创意和乐趣；
无论学生们的语言能力或学术水平如何，让每个学生充分参与到互动学习中来；
让学生们有机会利用他们在课堂上学到的知识来设计交互式或三维项目，培养他们的创新能力和学习能力；
培养儿童和员工的环保意识，创造减少浪费和保护环境的文化氛围。

因此，通过设计思维课程，学生们可以学习到很多知识、并培养多种多样的技能，这些对他们未来毕业、升学都很有帮助。

Design Thinking aims to:

help make learning creative and fun;
engage every student regardless of language ability or academic standing through interactive learning;
give children the opportunity to use the knowledge they have learned in the classroom to design an interactive or 3 dimensional project which will take learning to a new level;
develop an environmental consciousness among children and staff to create a culture of recycling which limits waste and protects the environment.

 
注：2年级学生检查他们的旧包装、空盒子和纸板边角料，然后着手将它们变成四种亚洲风格的住房之一。

Grade 2 students examining their resources of old wrappings, empty boxes and cardboard off cuts before setting about turning them into one of four styles of Asian housing.

设计思维培养学生哪些能力？

What knowledge and skills do students learn through DT?

 

基于以上目标，设计思维具体会培养学生的哪些能力呢？

从知识和技能层面来看，设计思维课程为培养学生领导力、解决问题能力和沟通能力创造了一个很好的机会。

The knowledge and skills that students learn through Design Thinking are many but there are several which are particularly noteworthy as they are also reflected in the HD graduate profile.

From the Knowledge and Skills profile, Design Thinking creates opportunities to develop leadership, problem solving and communication.

 

01领导力

在设计思维课堂上，每一个学生都将有机会作为团队的领导，领导大家共同完成一个项目。他们必须指导团队提出问题、做出决定并考虑什么对团队最有利。设计思维课程是培养学生早期领导能力的绝佳机会。

Leadership: at different times different individuals in the class must lead their team project. They must guide the team, ask questions, make decisions and consider what is best for the team. DT is a great opportunity for students to develop early leadership skills.

02解决问题能力

这是设计思维课程的精髓，学生必须在执行项目的过程中克服种种困难，并加以反思：为什么我们的项目可能无法按计划进行？需要改变什么？材料、工艺、设计？如何改进？老师将帮助指导学生，但最终由学生来思考他们的项目将如何改进。

Problem Solving: this is the very essence of DT where students must work in a team to overcome challenges and reflect on why their project might not be working as well as they had planned. What needs to change? The materials, the process, the design? How can it be improved? The teacher will help guide the students but it is up to the students to evaluate how their project could improve.

03沟通与语言能力

在完成项目的过程当中，学生之间、学生与老师之间都需要大量的沟通，而且在沟通中，语言经常需要在中英文之间切换。学生们在向全班同学展示他们的想法时，无形中锻炼了他们的演讲能力及语言能力。总而言之，设计思维有助于培养学生坚韧的精神、培养他们的创造力和协作能力。

Communication: teams must communicate between themselves and with the teacher, often switching between Chinese and English. The students also learn key presentation skills as they present their ideas to the whole class for review. From the Characteristics and Values profile, Design Thinking helps to develop resilience, creativity and collaboration.

 
注：当事情变得棘手时，坚韧不拔的精神和协作能力有助于学生克服困难、完成任务，就像这些5年级学生在他们的发明家项目中表现出来的那样。

When things get tricky, resilience and collaboration help students keep moving forward to complete the task as it did with these Grade 5s in their Inventors & Inventions project.

 

04坚韧不拔的精神

学生想要完成任何一个项目，都必须具备坚韧不拔的精神。作为他们的老师，我明确表示学生们需要从错误中去总结新的经验，在指导学生完成设计思维项目时，我会帮助他们找到需要提升的地方，这也是让他们真正获得进步的关键。

Resilience: an attitude of determination which stops the students from giving up. In almost every project students reach a point where they experience this challenge. As their teacher, I make it clear that we learn through mistakes and I guide students through the DT process to help them identify improvements that can help them.

05创造能力

设计思维课程为学生创造了让他们大胆想象、梦想，有机会创造和尝试新想法的平台，这个过程中他们不必担心失败——因为每个人都在一起尝试新事物，失败是帮助大家改进项目的好机会！

Creativity: DT is a safe environment which gives opportunity to imagine, dream, create and try new ideas without fear of failure – everyone is trying out new things together. Failure is a learning opportunity to improve projects!

06合作能力

在设计思维课堂上，学生们必须学习与团队成员共同努力完成项目，他们必须学会与团队成员共享资源和设备，互相支持，互相帮助。设计思维课程为学生们提供了一个发展协作技能的绝佳机会。

Collaboration: while there is opportunity to work both individually and in teams,  students must work together to complete Design Thinking projects. They must share resources and equipment, support one another and help each other. DT provides a great opportunity for children to develop their collaboration skills.

 

总结Summary

最后，我想说，青岛赫德为学生们提供了很好的学习设计思维的环境。

得益于集团化办学，我们在全国五地均有校区，我们与其他校区关系密切，互相协作沟通、共同教研，使我们的设计思维课程日趋完善。

这也是学习设计思维课程的好地方，因为我们已经与世界各地的其他国际设计思维课程团体建立了联系，最终开发了一个我们认为最适合青岛学生的设计思维课程。

HDQD is a great place to learn this subject as we have a network of 5 schools around China who do similar work with DT so we can share ideas and help each other. It’s also a great place to learn DT because we have networked with other international DT groups around the world to finally develop a process which we believe works best for our students in Qingdao.

设计思维课程可以很好地帮助学生们培养品格、建立信心。它通过基于项目的活动来培养技能，这些活动不仅赋予学生学习能力，更培养了使他们受用一生的创新态度和思维。希望未来能让更多人了解我们如此精彩的设计思维课程！

 

Design Thinking builds character and confidence. It develops skills through project based activities that empower learning and develop attitudes which students can use throughout their lives. We hope you will come and join us in Design Thinking at HDQD!